Research on the Mental Health of Pupils 24 Months after 5.12 Earthquake_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

DU Na , ZHU Cuizhen , YAN Jing ,  HUANG Yi

Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

HUANG Yi, Email: 13920785057@163.com

Keywords：

地震; 小学生; 创伤应激量表; 儿童抑郁障碍自评量表; 长处与困难问卷

DOI：

CNKI: 51-1356/R.20120214.1531.041

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目的　了解5.12汶川大地震24个月后震区小学生的心理健康状况，为进行震后长期心理危机干预提供依据。方法　于2010年5月即汶川大地震发生后24个月，分别使用创伤应激量表儿童版（CRIES-13）、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表（DSRSC）、长处与困难问卷（SDQ）学生版，调查了553名来自于彭州灾区的小学生的心理健康状况及其影响因素。结果　 ① 灾区小学生CRIES-13总分为（22.98 ± 12.29）分，其中大于划界分（30分）者为143人，占总人数的25.9%；女性总分高于男性（Z=?2.031，P=0.042）；震后被转移至安全地点的时间越长（OR=1.025，P=0.012）、家人伤亡越严重（OR=1.141，P=0.021），其CRIES-13总分大于划界分的可能性越高。② 灾区小学生DSRSC总分为（11.07 ± 5.78）分，其中总分大于划界分（15分）者为120人，占总人数的21.7%；女性总分高于男性（Z=?2.508，P=0.012）；灾区小学生的年龄（r=0.098，P=0.021）、震后被转移至安全地点的时间（r=0.117，P=0.004）与DSRSC总分呈正相关。③ 灾区小学生SDQ总困难因子得分为（14.97 ± 5.44）分，62.9%的人报告自身存在主观困难；女性的情绪因子、亲社会因子得分高于男性（Z=?3.123，P=0.002；Z=?2.243，P=0.025）；年龄越大，品行因子（χ2=7.604，P=0.023）、亲社会因子（χ2=8.102；P=0.017）得分增加。结论　震后灾区小学生的心理健康状况受到性别、年龄、震后被转移至安全地点的时间、家人伤亡程度的影响，震后长期心理危机干预应综合考虑这些相关因素以确定高危人群。

Citation： DU Na,ZHU Cuizhen,YAN Jing,HUANG Yi. Research on the Mental Health of Pupils 24 Months after 5.12 Earthquake. West China Medical Journal, 2012, 27(2): 254-258. doi: CNKI: 51-1356/R.20120214.1531.041 Copy

1.	Yorbik O, Akbiyik DI, Kirmizigul P, et al. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in children after the 1999 Marmara earthquake in Turkey[J]. Int J Mental Health, 2004, 33(1): 46-58.
2.	Dyregrov A, Yule W. Screening measures: the development of the UNICEFF screening battery[J]. Clin Child Psychol Psy, 2005, 10(2): 235-250.
3.	Smith P, Perrin S, Yule W, et al. War exposure among children from Bosnia Hercegovina: psychological adjustment in a community sample[J]. J Trauma Stress, 2002, 15(2): 147-156.
4.	景璐石, 陈婷, 司徒明镜, 等. 中文版儿童事件影响量表划界分研究[J]. 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志, 2010, 19(8): 757-759.
5.	Birleson P. The validity of depressive disorder in childhood and the development of a self-rating scale: a research report[J]. J Child Psychol Psy Allied Disciplines, 1981, 22(1): 73-88.
6.	苏林雁, 王凯, 朱焱, 等. 儿童抑郁障碍自评量表的中国城市常模[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志, 2003, 17(8): 547-549.
7.	Goodman R. Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire[J]. J Am Acad Child Psy, 2000, 40(11): 1337-1345.
8.	Ronning JA, Handegaard BH, Sourander A, et al. The strengths and difficulties self-report questionnaire as a screening instrument in Norwegian community samples[J]. Eur Child Adoles Psy, 2004, 13(2): 73-82.
9.	刘书君, 黄颐, 邓先华, 等. 中文版长处和困难量表的初步因子分析[J]. 华西医学, 2006, 21(2): 295-296.
10.	Bulut S. Children’s posttraumatic stress reactions and sub-symptoms: three years of a longitudinal investigation study after a direct exposure to the earthquake and school’s collapse[J]. Turk Psychol Assoc, 2010, 25(66): 87-100.
11.	Dell'Osso L, Carmassi C, Massimetti G, et al. Full and partial PTSD among young adult survivors 10 months after the L’Aquila 2009 earthquake: gender differences[J]. J Affect Disord, 2011, 131(1-3): 79-83.
12.	Foa FB, Street GP. Women and traumatic events[J]. J Clin Psychiat, 2001, 62(7): 29-34.
13.	Hsu CC, Chong MY, Yang P, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder among adolescent earthquake victims in Taiwan[J]. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2002, 41(7): 875-881.
14.	Vehid HE, Alyanak B, Eksi A. Suicide ideation after the 1999 earthquake in Marmara, Turkey[J]. Tohoku J Exp Med, 2006, 208(1): 19-24.
15.	Goenjian AK, Roussos A, Steinberg AM, et al. Longitudinal study of PTSD, depression, and quality of life among adolescents after the Parnitha earthquake[J]. J Affect Disord, 2011, 133(2): 509-515.
16.	Hankin BL, Abramson LY, Moffitt TE, et al. Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study[J]. J Abnorm Psychol, 1998, 107(1): 128-140.
17.	Roussos A, Goenjian AK, Steinberg AM, et al. Posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions among children and adolescents after the 1999 earthquake in Ano Liosia, Greece[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2005, 162(3): 530-537.
18.	Verhulst FC, Achenbach TM, van der Ende J, et al. Comparison of problems reported by youths from seven countries[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2003, 160(8): 1479-1485.

1. Yorbik O, Akbiyik DI, Kirmizigul P, et al. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in children after the 1999 Marmara earthquake in Turkey[J]. Int J Mental Health, 2004, 33(1): 46-58.
2. Dyregrov A, Yule W. Screening measures: the development of the UNICEFF screening battery[J]. Clin Child Psychol Psy, 2005, 10(2): 235-250.
3. Smith P, Perrin S, Yule W, et al. War exposure among children from Bosnia Hercegovina: psychological adjustment in a community sample[J]. J Trauma Stress, 2002, 15(2): 147-156.
4. 景璐石, 陈婷, 司徒明镜, 等. 中文版儿童事件影响量表划界分研究[J]. 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志, 2010, 19(8): 757-759.
5. Birleson P. The validity of depressive disorder in childhood and the development of a self-rating scale: a research report[J]. J Child Psychol Psy Allied Disciplines, 1981, 22(1): 73-88.
6. 苏林雁, 王凯, 朱焱, 等. 儿童抑郁障碍自评量表的中国城市常模[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志, 2003, 17(8): 547-549.
7. Goodman R. Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire[J]. J Am Acad Child Psy, 2000, 40(11): 1337-1345.
8. Ronning JA, Handegaard BH, Sourander A, et al. The strengths and difficulties self-report questionnaire as a screening instrument in Norwegian community samples[J]. Eur Child Adoles Psy, 2004, 13(2): 73-82.
9. 刘书君, 黄颐, 邓先华, 等. 中文版长处和困难量表的初步因子分析[J]. 华西医学, 2006, 21(2): 295-296.
10. Bulut S. Children’s posttraumatic stress reactions and sub-symptoms: three years of a longitudinal investigation study after a direct exposure to the earthquake and school’s collapse[J]. Turk Psychol Assoc, 2010, 25(66): 87-100.
11. Dell'Osso L, Carmassi C, Massimetti G, et al. Full and partial PTSD among young adult survivors 10 months after the L’Aquila 2009 earthquake: gender differences[J]. J Affect Disord, 2011, 131(1-3): 79-83.
12. Foa FB, Street GP. Women and traumatic events[J]. J Clin Psychiat, 2001, 62(7): 29-34.
13. Hsu CC, Chong MY, Yang P, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder among adolescent earthquake victims in Taiwan[J]. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2002, 41(7): 875-881.
14. Vehid HE, Alyanak B, Eksi A. Suicide ideation after the 1999 earthquake in Marmara, Turkey[J]. Tohoku J Exp Med, 2006, 208(1): 19-24.
15. Goenjian AK, Roussos A, Steinberg AM, et al. Longitudinal study of PTSD, depression, and quality of life among adolescents after the Parnitha earthquake[J]. J Affect Disord, 2011, 133(2): 509-515.
16. Hankin BL, Abramson LY, Moffitt TE, et al. Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study[J]. J Abnorm Psychol, 1998, 107(1): 128-140.
17. Roussos A, Goenjian AK, Steinberg AM, et al. Posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions among children and adolescents after the 1999 earthquake in Ano Liosia, Greece[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2005, 162(3): 530-537.
18. Verhulst FC, Achenbach TM, van der Ende J, et al. Comparison of problems reported by youths from seven countries[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2003, 160(8): 1479-1485.

West China Medical Journal

Research on the Mental Health of Pupils 24 Months after 5.12 Earthquake

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